Pneumatically-actuated tool.



No; 787,959. PATENTED APR. 25, 1905. R. TEMPLE.

PNEUMATIGALLY AGTUATED TOOL. APPLICATION r'mm JAN.13, 1904. RENEWED rnnpm, 1905.

2 simn'rs-snnm 1.

No. 287,959. PATENTED APR. 25, 1905.

R. TEMPLE.

PNEUMATIGALLY ACTUATED TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED JAE. 13, 1904. RENEWED FEB. 16, 1905.

2 smms-smm 2.

I W I r i UNITED STATES Patented April 25, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT TEUPLE, OF DENVER. COLORADO. ASSIONOR TO THE TEMPLE GAS ENGINE & MACHINE COMPANY, OF DENVER, COLORADO, A (JOB- PORATION OF COLORADO.

PNEUMATlCALLY-ACTUATED TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 787,959, dated April 25, 1905.

Application filed January 13, 1904. Renewal February 16, 1905. Serial No. 245,877.

To (1 7/ ll-71 0111. if IHIIII/ (rum/v71..-

Be it known that I, ROBERT TEMPLE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Denver, in the county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatically Actuated Tools, of which the following is a specilication.

The invention relates to that class of tools capable of being actuated by means of fluid under pressurecompressed air and particularly to the means by which a circuit of compressed air is formed and maintained for the purpose of pulsating any desired tool, all of which will more fully hereinafter appear.

The principal object of the invention is to provide a simple, economical, and etlicient pneumatically-actuated tool with means for pulsating the same.

Other objects of the invention will appear from an examination of the drawings and the following description and claims.

The invention consists principally in a pneumatically-actuated tool in which there are combined a reciprocating tool-piston, a pulsating-engine connected therewith to furnish compressed air for reciprocating the same, an air-reservoir connected with said pulsatingcngine, and a priming-piston for maintaining fluid under pressure in said reservoir.

The invention consists, further and finally, in the features, combinations, and details of construction hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figurel is a sectional elevation of one type of a pneumatic:lly-actuated tool as it appears when constructed in accordance with these improvements; Fig. .2, an enlarged sectional detail of the parts. taken on line 2 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 3, a sectional detail taken on line 3 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow and show is well known that in the use of a rock-drill, for instance, the drill is shoved forward under tremendous pressure and has to go forward a certain predetermined amount before it can be retracted, so that when operating in certain kinds of rock the engine will sometimes give but a short blow and refuse to move backwardly. This invention, therefore, is intended primarily to be an improvement on such type of engines, in that instead of using compressed air and exhausting it a closed circuit of air under pressure is maintained, which pulsates the reciprocating tool and can be used to move the same backward and forward at any position of its stroke, all of which will more fully hereinafter appear.

in constructing a tool in accordance with these improvements and describing lirst the reciprocating tool and parts thereof a toolcylinder 11 is provided having a reciprocating tool-piston mounted therein, the piston-rod 7) of which extends out through one end there of. To this piston-rod maybe secured any desired tool, and such rod may be either integrally connected with the piston, as shown in the drawings, or separate therefrom, so that the piston alternately impinges and leaves said piston-rod. To furnish a closed circuit of air under pressure for this toohcylinder, so as to reciprocate the piston, a pulsatingengine is provided, formed of an engine-cylinder r, in which a reciprocating or pulsating piston dismounted. This cylinder ismounted upon a casing 1', that forms a reservoir for holding oil, as atf, in the lower portion and air-pressure, as at r in the upper portion. The engine-cylinder, as above suggested, is mounted upon this so that a portion of said casing would open directly into the enginecylinder if it were not for the mounting of the reciprocating pulsating piston therein. This reciprocating pulsating piston is made trunk-shaped, with its open end, I: opening directly into the air-reservoir, where it is subjected to the pressure thereof and therein, all of which will be more fully hereinafter set forth.

The pulsating engine-cylinder is connected,

by means of the tubes 2' and j, with each end of the tool-cylinder, so that as the air under pressure in said pulsating piston is pressed at one end it is forced through one pipe into one end of the tool-cylinder and permitted to enter the other end ofsaid pulsating enginecylinder from the opposite end of the toolcylinder.

lt is very desirable that some means for equalizing the pressure in both ends of the tool and pulsating engine cylinders be provided. In order so to do, the tool-cylinder is provided with two detachable casings or castings k and Z. The casting Z: is provided with a hollow plug-cock on, having a longitudinal passage 02 and transverse passages 19, g, and 0'. The end of this casting which is opposite the open end of the hollow plug-cock is provided with a bushing s, to which is secured a pipe 7', so that as air under pressure flows in the direction of the arrow it will pass first into the plug-cock and thence out through the passage 9 into the upper end of the tool-cylinder when the pulsating piston is moving upwardly. hen the piston of the pulsatingengine is moving downwardly, the air under pressure will force the flow in a reverse direction. The casting Z is provided with one longitudinal passage tand a radial passage a, leading therefrom into the lower end of the tool-piston, and radial passages '0 and 20, extending clear through the casing. One end of the casing is provided with a bushing 00, to which the pipe or flexible tube a is secured in any desired manner.

An intermediate casting a is provided, having two passages 5 and 6 therein and so connected with both of the castings is and Z as to register with the passages o and w in one casting and 7 and 8 in the other. These latter passages 7 and 8 are adapted to register with the transverse passages q and 7*, respectively, in the plug-cock when such cock is brought to the desired position, as will more fully hereinafter appear. Each of the passages 5 and 6 is provided with check-valves 9 and 10, respectively, oppositely arranged, so that air under pressure can flow in but one direction through each of such passages and in an opposite manner to the direction in which it can flow in the other passage.

When the plug-cock is arranged in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the air under pressure can flow directly in and out of both ends of the tool-cylinder and will not flow through either passage; but when such plug cock is turned, as it can be, so that its passage q registers with the passage 7, and if the pressure in the upper side of the tool-piston exceeds that below, air may flow out through the passages p, q, and 7, depress the checkvalve 9, and thence flow through the passages 5, Q}, 2., and "(6 into the lower end of the toolcylinder. hen the plug-cock is moved in an opposite direction, so as to bring the passages r and 8 into register, and the pressure below the tool-piston is greater than that above, the air will flow in an opposite direction through such passage-that is, will flow out from the lower part of the piston-cylinder through passages u, 25, w, 6, 8, r, n, and 1) into the upper part of the tool -piston. When desired, the plug-valve may be turned so as to entirely out off connection with the upper and lower ends of the tool-cylinders, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 1.

To reciprocate the piston in the pulsatingengine a main driving crank-shaft 11 is provided and is connected to said piston by means of the connecting-rod 12, as shown particularly in Fig. 1. This crank-shaft is provided with a counterbalance 13, that alternately dips into and out of the oil, so as to spray the same and partially saturate the compressed air above such oil, so that as such compressed air is fed into any of the movable parts of the tool it will carry some of the finely-divided oil with it to lubricate the same, all of which will be understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art. The trunk-piston, opening downwardly toward the air-reservoir, is also lubricated by the oil in suspension in such compressed air. It will therefore be seen that the mechanism not only provides for the pulsating of a closed circuit of air, but also for the automatic lubrication of the parts.

To provide the tool with apriming-engine, so as to furnish air under pressure to the reservoir and maintain it at desired pressures, a

priming engine 'cylinder 14 is provided,-

formed integral and in line with the pulsating-engine, as shown particularly in Fig. 2. This cylinder is provided with apriming-piston 15, that forms an integral part of the pulsatingtrunk-piston. The primingengine-cylinder is provided with a passage connecting it with the outside air, in which is arranged a spring-pressed check-valve 16. The trunkpiston is provided with a passage 17, connecting the priming engine-cylinder with a passage formed through said trunk-piston leading to the compound air and oil reservoir. A spring-pressed check-valve 18 is arranged in this last-named passage, so thatas air under pressure is formed in the priming-cylinder and reaches a point in excess of the pressure in the reservoir it will open this last-named check-valve and flow through the passages named into said reservoir above the oil therein.

A passage 19 is provided in the reservoircasing and leading therethrough connects with the pulsating engine-cylinders below the piston thereof. This passage is provided with a spring check-valve 20, so constructed and arranged that when the pressure in the pulsating engine-cylinder falls below that in the reservoir the check-valve is opened and permits a portion of the pressure to flow from said reservoir into the pulsating-engine or into the closed circuit to equalize the same.

From the foregoing description of construction and arrangement of parts and from an examination of the drawings it will be seen that the circuit is a closed one and that if any leakage occurs at either or both of said pistons the tool or pulsating piston it will simply lead past the same, but will stay at all times in the circuit, all of which will be thoroughly understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art.

I claim- 1. In a tool of the class described, the combination of a reciprocating tool-piston, a pulsating-engine connected therewith to furnish motive fluid tor reciprocating the same, a reservoir connected with said engine, and a priming'piston for maintaining fluid under pressure in said reservoir, substantially as described.

2. In a tool of the class described, the combination of a tool-cylinder, a reciprocating piston mounted therein, a pulsating-engine provided with a pulsating piston connected with the cylinder of the reciprocating tool, a reservoir for said pulsating-engine containing a quantity of oil and air under pressure to lubricate the parts by the movement of air under pressure through the same, and means for maintaining air under pressure in said reservoir, substantially as described.

3. In a tool of the class described, the combination of a tool-cylinder, a reciprocating tool-piston mounted therein, a pulsating engine-cylinder, a hollow trunk pulsating piston therein, a reservoir containing oil and air under pressure connected with the cylinder of said pulsating-engine, a priming-engine connected with said pulsating-engine and provided with a reciprocating piston connected with the pulsating piston, and means whereby air as it is formed under pressure is passed into the air-reservoir, substantially as described.

4. In a tool of the class described, the combination of a tool-cylinder, a reciprocating tool-piston in said cylinder, a pulsating engine-cylinder. a reciprocating pulsating hollow trunk-piston mounted therein, a reservoir upon which the engine-cylinder is mounted adapted to contain oil and air under pressure, a valved connection between the reservoir and engine-cylinder, a priming-engine connected to the pulsating-engine, a piston reciprocatingly mounted therein and connected with the pulsating piston, a passage between the priming-engine and the outer air provided with a check-valve connection, a passage through the trunk-piston connecting the priming-piston with the air-reservoir, and a check-valve in said passage, substantially as described.

5. In a tool of the class described, the combination of a tool-cylinder, a tool-piston reciprocatingly mounted therein, an air and oil reservoir, a pulsating-engine mounted upon said air-reservoir, a valved connection between the air-reservoir and the pulsating engine-cylinder, a trunk pulsating piston in said pulsatingengine with its open end in communication with the air-reservoir, pipe connections between the pulsating engine-cylinder and both sides of the tool-piston, a main shaft rotatingly mounted in the air and oil reservoir, and connections between said main shaft and the pulsating piston, substantially as described.

6. In a tool of the class described, the combination of a tool-cylinder, a tool-piston reciprocating-1y mounted therein, an air and oil reservoir, a pulsating-engine mounted upon said air-reservoir, a valved connection between the air-reservoir and the pulsating engine-cylinder, a trunk pulsating piston in said pulsatingengine with its open end in communication with the air-reservoir, pipe connections between the pulsating engine-cylinder and both sides of the tool-piston, a main shaft rotatingly mounted in the air and oil reservoir, connections between said main shaft and the pulsating piston, a priming-cylinder attached to the pulsating engine-cylinder, a reciprocating piston therein connected with the pulsating piston, and valved inlet and outlet passages connecting said priming engine-cylinder with the atmosphere and air-reservoir, substantially as described.

7. In a tool of the class described, the combination of a tool-cylinder, a tool-piston reci 'irocatingly mounted therein, a pulsatingengine connected with both ends of the toolcylinder, passages connecting each end of the tool-cylinder with the other,checl -valve mechanisms, one in each of said passages and oppositely arranged, and valve mechanism at one end of the tool-cylinder for connecting either of said passages with that end of the cylinder and the opposite end to guide the motive fluid in either direction and cut off the connections therebetween, substantially as described.

8. In a tool of the class described, the combination of a tool-cylinder, a tool-piston reciprocatingly mounted therein, a pulsatingengine connected with both ends of the toolcylinder, passages connecting each end of the tool-cylinder with the other, check-valvemechanisms, one in each of said passages and oppositely arranged, and a hollow plug-cock at one end of the tool-cylinder provided with longitudinal and transverse openings for controlling the direction of air or flow of motive fluid from one end of the cylinder to the other and for cutting ofl' or opening the same, substantially as described.

9. In a tool of the class described, the combination of a tool-cylinder, a tool-piston reciprocatingly mounted therein, a pulsatingengine connected with both ends of the toolcylinder, passages connecting each end of the tool-cylinder with the other,checkvalve mechanisms, one in each of said passages and oppositely arranged, a hollow plug-cock at one end of the tool-cylinder provided with longitudi- &

nal and transverse openings for controlling the direction of air or flow of motive fluid from one end of the cylinder to the other and for cutting off or opening the same, and a casting for said plugcock provided With transverse passages extending entirelytherethrough and detachably secured to said toolcylinder at one end so as to permit the reversible arrangement of said casting thereon, substantially as described.

10. In a tool of the class described, the combination of a tool-cylinder, a reciprocating tool-piston mounted therein, a valved casing detachably and reversibly secured to one end of said tool-cylinder, a plug-cock therein provided witha longitudinal passage forming the main passage thereof and three radial passages for shutting off the motive fluid and controlling the direction or flow of the same to and from that end of the tool-cylinder, a second casting detachably and reversibly secured to the other end of the tool-cylinder and provided With a longitudinal and three radial passages one connecting With that end of the tool-cylinder and the other leading to and adapted to be connected With the other end of the tool-cylinder, an intermediate casting provided With two passages leading therethrough and adapted to be brought into connection With the detachable castings at each end of the toolcylinder and register With tWo of the radial passages therein, oppositely-arranged checkvalve mechanism for each of such passages of the intermediate casting, and a pulsating-engine connected with the passages in the castings at each end of the tool-cylinder, substantially as described.

ROBERT TEMPLE.

Witnesses:

S. Gr. GILL, J os. S. DAVIS. 

